What is the effectiveness of using tablet pc for learning and teaching Assignment - 1

What is the effectiveness of using tablet pc for learning and teaching - Assignment Example There were 124 students and 144 teachers participated in this survey. Students and teachers were completed in late December 2013. The surveys were designed and analyzed by using Survey Monkey. Even the teachers the overwhelming majority was male by 78% and remain 22% female.While 35% of teachers’ ages between (25-35) years, and 52% between (36-45) years. Only 13% remain between (46 – 50) years and older.The data obtained on the use of tablet PCs by the teachers and the students with the help of survey has been analyzed as follows. Among the students as shown in the pie diagram given below, the male students are using tablet PCs in large numbers as compared to women. The male-female ratio for teachers on the use of tablet pc is lower as compared to the students. This is due to the fact that the female teachers have taken the onus to use tablet PCs as the digital ink used in the process of instruction giving is much more dynamic and useful for the students. The age group of students which includes maximum number of students in terms of use of tablet PCs are above the age of 30 years and the least percentage of students using tablet PCs fall in the age group of 11-14 years. In case of teachers, those belonging to the age group of 36-40 years have been found to be maximum number in terms of use of tablet PCs. This follows the trend that the people belonging to the age group of 30-40 years who are mostly in need of time management prefer use of electronic data that offers flexibility in the process of teaching. The iPads are now regularly used in lessons by the majority of teachers. However, 54% of teachers reported using the device in between one and ten lessons, with 7% reporting use in between six and ten. A significant number of teachers, 5%, used the iPad in the majority of their lessons, though given the later responses on subject use this is also driven by the availability of suitable software and Apps. Even students, there are 52% reported

The Adaptive Advantages Of Bipedalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Adaptive Advantages Of Bipedalism - Essay Example The most obvious advantage that bipedalism gives is height. This can be used to observe the environment and detect threats long before they arrive into the immediate vicinity of the creature. Extra height also allows a creature to reach higher levels for food, as we can see in an extreme version in the giraffe. For species which can tolerate water, height also allows deeper wading and again this may allow access to a greater range of food. Another advantage that bipedalism brings is that it frees up two of the limbs from having to take part in activities like walking and standing. Modern day chimpanzees use their arms for displays such as anger or stress, for carrying their young or items like food, and even for tool use. This encourages more specialization and the development of fine motor skills which in turn can enhance the ability of the species to interact with the environment. Many bird species developed flight in the limbs not used for walking, and this gives a secondary, in in many ways much superior form of locomotion. Primates and hominids can use their arms for climbing which is a very useful skill if predators are around. In some ways a large brain could be seen as a disadvantage, because it makes the head size bigger and this can be a problem during the birthing process. It also requires more nutrition, and this could mean that other parts of the body receive less nutrition than is ideal in times of famine. The larger brain, however, gives a significant advantage because it provides more space for new skills to be learnt.

Discussing The Problems Of Online Shopping Information Technology Essay

Discussing The Problems Of Online Shopping Information Technology Essay The aim of this literature review is to critically analyze the various problems/solutions of online shopping system, and benefits of online shopping system in Nigeria. Introduction In Nigeria, different business and market transactions are being practice face to face ie buying and selling of different goods and services are been done in the market. Implementations of online shopping practices has been difficult and associated with a lot of problems such as user privacy , insecurity and trust has made it not visible for such to be implemented. The internet as a global network which allows people to communicate, perform business transactions, send, store and receive information.The internet has become an improtant process to everyday life and different people from different countries use the internet in order to carryout their effective skills in their different professions and for income making. Looking at online shopping as the case study, today online shopping is becoming popular to people/client and consumer as another channel and fast means of making business transactions and customer satisfaction. According to (bbc) statistics, showed in december 2008 have reviewed the statistis of 50% rise in 2008 christmas online shopping, however (www.nma.co.uk) in febuary 2010 recorded the sales of 4.1billion pounds for online retailers and a rise of 13% in febuary 2010. problems of online shopping Belanger, F (2002) identified privacy, security and trustworthiness as a major factor that prevent people from shopping online. it is important to understand this factors that might prevent customer or users from shopping online and some of this factors include; privacy: privacy which is a most important problem that stops people from shopping online or using the internet above the problem of cost and convienence giving. It is the will of the customer to share information online for purchase, However it is clear that customers concern with privacy of information is having effect on shopping online and therefore to resolve this problem, privacy potentials need to be further addressed (Belanger. F, p 4). In 2000, pew internet and American life reported that 66% of users proposed that online tracking should be barred and 81% supported for rules to be implemented in online information systems and in 2002 National Consumers League survey, respondents ranked personal privacy above health care, education, crime and taxes as concerns to users (Paul, 2001) as cited by Belanger. F (2002) . Privacy issues on the Internet include spam, usage tracking and data collection, choice, and the sharing of information with third parties. These areas of fear are found in the taxonomy described by Huaiqing, W (1998), are reflected in the Federal Trade Commissions standard for privacy on the Internet. The FTC identifies notice, choice, access and security as elements of a pleasing privacy policy. Customers guarantee that the information shared will be subjected to personally outlined limits is the essence of privacy on the Internet. Therefore, for this research the definition of privacy that is adopted is the ability to manage information about oneself. Security: Security threat has been defined as condition, state, or event which is possible to cause economic adversities to data or network resources in the form of destruction, exposure, change of data, denial of service, fraud, waste, and abuse (Kalakota and Whinston, 1996). Security, then, is the protection against these threats. Under this definition, threats can be made either through network and data transaction attacks, or through unauthorized access by means of false or defective authentications. This definition must be tailored in order to be relevant to customer transactions to acknowledge that customers information has value. For customers, it must be recognized that economic hardship include damages to privacy that is loss of information as well as theft, for example, credit information and authentication issues for customers will be reversed. This definition explains the security threats from a customers point of view. Security in online shopping is reflected in the technologies u sed to protect and secure customer data. However Security concerns of customers may be addressed by many of the same technology protections as those of businesses, such as encryption and authentication. Our description of privacy and security is similar to the distinction that Hoffman .L (1999) use in identifying environmental control as separate from control over secondary use of information, described above. Environmental control refers to customers concerns with sharing information online due to expectations of threats to online security, including fear of hackers and identity theft. Trustworthiness: For People to make important buying and selling decisions is based on their level of trust in the product, salesperson, and the company (Hosmer, 1995). Similarly, online shopping decisions involve trust not simply between the shop merchant and the customer but also between the customer and the computer system through which transactions are executed (Lee and Turban, 2001). Although many studies have identified the critical role of customers trust in online shopping, two critical issues have hampered empirical investigations of the impact of customers trust on on-line shopping activities. The first issue is focused on the lack of agreement about the definition of online customer trust (Lee and Turban, 2001). Although most of these definitions capture the notion of risk taking, many are merely operationally taken from the traditional shopping literature and applied to the online context. More importantly, few of these definitions specify the on-line trust equivalent for example, Moorman (1993, p. 82) . Defines customer trust as a willingness to rely on an exchange associate in whom one has confidence. This definition suggests that trust reflects a continuum of readiness that is readiness to engage in a relationship with the other party, such as a salesperson (Crosby, 1990) . Rather than focusing on trust in individuals, this study focuses on the electronic organization as well as its site as the exchange party. The second issue hinder richer examinations of online customer trust as the lack of experimental notice given to one critical precursor of customer. (Lee and Turban, 2001) Several researchers have identified three main elements of trustworthiness: ability, kindness, and integrity (Mayer, 1995; Lee and Turban, 2001). According to (Mayer,1995; Lee and Turban, 2001), the ability of a merchant is reflected in its ability to handle sales dealings and the expertise to generally conduct business online. In contrast, perceived integrity is evidence of the marketers honesty and sincerity. Finally, kindness was defined as the extent to which the trusting party believes that the trusted party wants to do good things rather than just maximize profit. In contrast to the other two transaction focused magnitude, kindness reflects perceptions of the marketers willingness to engage in flexible or humanitarian commitment to its customers. A similar dimensional distinction can be found in the corporate social responsibility literature (Carroll, 1979; Smith., 2001) cited by Belanger. F (2002) . Additional insights from this literature also indicate that a firms economic responsibilities that is to make a profit and its flexible responsibilities are often negatively correlated (Ibrahim, 1997) cited by Belanger. F (2002). These findings suggest that customers expect marketers to be have high ability primarily focus on maximizing profits often at the cost of being kind. Solutions Technology solutions Winnie, C and John,P (2002, P 7) suggested that the advance of technology could be used as a solution for privacy protection and described two examples of this technologies. Firstly one established standard is called Platform for Privacy Preference. The privacy preference system works through web browsers to automatically alert users to what information is being collected online. The aim of privacy preference system is to have a common privacy language and standard on the internet that provides a rich language for services to express their information practices and for users to express their privacy preferences. Users will be warned and have an alternative to leave if the site is gathering information for shopping purposes also they can choose to give their private information only to sites that will not use it for shopping. Thus, privacy preference system technology helps users make informed decisions about when to release their data. Secondly is the anonymizer which ensures users surfing the web anonymously, will hide their surfing history when users are browsing the web. It will not stop cookies, but it will allow users to surf the Internet while withholding their IP addresses and other information about them. This ensures that the identity of the users will not be identified. Recently, a new privacy enhancing cookie management feature has been released for Internet Explorer with this version, users will be asked and prompted in detail before letting a cookie enter into the system. A description of all cookies and their purpose will be given plus a clear distinction between first and third party ones. A default setting will alert the user when a persistent third party cookie is being served or read on the users system. It is argued that technical solutions cannot solve the privacy concerns permanently. Although the advance of technology is able to solve the privacy concerns at the moment, it will not work in the near future. Web sites can also utilise advances of technology to obtain personal information as the technology evolves. Thus, just using technological solutions is not reliable in terms of privacy concerns. Combination solutions Winnie, C and John,P (2002, P 7) also believed that using a combination solution is possible to achieve privacy protection in a globally consistent manner. The combination of legislation, self regulation and technical solutions may provide synergy that is more effective than a single solution. Users must be assured that when they release their data, services will use it only as they have promised. Legislation and self-regulatory regime can help in providing such assurances. While self-regulation and privacy enhancing technologies are welcome developments in order to enhance privacy protection, they might not be sufficient by themselves and they could be accompanied by legislation. Security solution IBM (2005) stated that there are three main concept of security: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Confidentiality which only permit authorized parties to read protected information and also talked about three types of security categories: 1. Authentication: confirm who you are. It requires that you are the only one authorized to logon to the shopping system. 2. Authorization: This allows only the user to manipulate his resources In Specific ways. 3. Encryption: Deals with information hiding which prevent unauthorised User from accessing customer information. conclusions The growth of online shopping system is non-stoppable. Yet, online users spending only accounts for about 1.7% of overall revenues. The privacy, security and trust concerns are posing a barrier to the Development of online shopping in Nigeria. It is an issue that online Shopping system cannot afford to ignore because privacy, security and trust concerns are blocking online sales. And the key is that Companies doing online sales need to manage and meet their customers expectations where privacy, security and trust is concerned. A web site with a privacy, security and trust statement tells customers that their privacy right is being considered. It would not be good for the shopping system if a client finds that something unexpected has happened to their information, perhaps an unexpected access from unauthorised users. Shopping business open about their practice and abiding by their privacy and security statements will win both customers confidence and custom to shop online. For online shopping to succeed in Nigeria, online shopping must build trust with millions of consumers. Respecting consumers privacy and security is necessary in order to boost the growth of electronic commerce. Therefore it is believed that global consistency on Internet privacy and protection is important to boost the growth of shopping online.

Homelessness in Public Schools Essay -- Education

In the United States nationwide public schools are faced with dilemmas. The choices schools make has to be effective, serve the students, and have the best outcome. Well known problems such as bullying, special educational needs, budget cuts, new standards, and job cuts. Some of the problems are well known to the public while other problems are left in the background. According to the National Association for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth (NAEHCY) reported that the U.S. Department of Education collected data stating â€Å"during the 2008-2009 school year that 954,914 homeless children and youth were enrolled in public schools.† This problem affects the child socially, mentally, and most importantly academically. The National Association for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth (NAEHCY) defines Homelessness â€Å"is a lack of permanent housing resulting from extreme poverty and/or unsafe or unstable living environments† (NAEHCY, 2011, p. 2). In the year 2004, it was required that all states were to report to CSPR (Consolidated State Performance Report) of data collected of children and youth enrolled in any educational services (Bowman, Dukes, Moore, 2012, p. 6). The table presented below shows reports the school years of 2004-2010. Number of Homeless Students Reported by States in the CSPR 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 655,591 906,680* 679,724 794,617 956,914 939,903 The National Center on Family Homelessness (NCFH) conducted research and collected data and found during a three year research of CSPR reports. (Bowman. ET al.’s, 2012). In the school years 2006-2009 â€Å"41% increase in the number of homeless student enrolled in schools across the nation† (Bowman... ...2). Summary of the state of research: On the relationship between homelessness and academic achievement among school-aged children and youth (ED-04-CO-0056/0002). Retrieved from U.S. Department of Education website: http://www.serve.org/nche Carter. Samuel, C. (2000). No excuses; lessons from 21 high performing high poverty schools. Washington, DC: The Heritage Foundation. Murphy.Joseph, F. & Tobin.Kerri, J. (2011, November). Homelessness comes to school. How homeless children and youths can succeed, 93(3), 32-37. Retrieved from http://kappanmagazine.org National Assocation for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth. (2011). Facts about homeless education. Retrieved from http;//naehcy.org/facts.html W&B School of Education. (2012). History of the mckinney act. Retrieved from http://education.wm.edu/centers/hope/resources/mckinneyact/index.php

Chapter 1- Introduction to Electronic Commerce

1. Describe three factors that would cause a company to continue doing business in traditional ways and avoid electronic commerce. * Traditional commerce is a better way to sell items or services when personal selling skills are a factor, as in commercial real estate sales; or when the condition of the products is difficult to determine without making a personal inspection, as in the purchases of high-fashion clothing, antiques or perishable food items. 2. Figure 1-5 lists roommate-matching services as a type of business that is well-suited to a combination of electronic and traditional commerce. In one paragraph, describe the elements of this service that would be best handled using traditional commerce and explain why. * Customers are generally concerned about lifestyle and personality factors. As a result, they would want to meet any potential roommate. 3. Choose one major difference between the first wave and the second wave of electronic commerce. Write a paragraph that describes this difference to a person who is not familiar with either business or Internet technologies. * A major difference is the increase in broadband connections and improved hardware developments. This allows more businesses around the world to communicate with each other. 4. What are transaction costs and why are they important? * Transaction costs are the total of all costs that a buyer and seller incur as they gather information and negotiate a purchase-and-sale transaction. Reasons for being important can vary. 5. Provide one example of how electronic commerce could help change an industry’s economic structure from a hierarchy to a network. * When transaction costs were high, businesspeople would form organizations to replace market-negotiated transactions. In a network economic structure, companies coordinate their strategies, resources and skill sets by forming long-term relationships with other companies and individuals based on shared purposes, called strategic alliances or strategic partnerships. 6. How might managers use SWOT analysis to identify new applications for electronic commerce in their strategic business units? * SWOT is the acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. By using this, the analyst first looks into the business unit to identify its strengths and weaknesses. Then the analyst reviews the environment in which the business unit operates and identifies opportunities presented by that environment and the threats posed by that environment. 7. In about 200 words, explain the difference between language translation and language localization. Language translation is the process of restating some text written in one language in a different language. In other words, to translate is examine some original text, written in what is called the source language, and to write a corresponding text in different language, called the target language, with the goal of preserving the tone and meaning of the original text. * Language localization is a translation that considers multiple elements of the local environment, such as business and cultural practices, in addition to local dialect variations in the language. The cultural element is very important since it can affect—and sometimes completely change—the user’s interpretation of text 8. In a paragraph, describe the advantages of a flat-rate telecommunications access system for countries that want to encourage electronic commerce. * In the United States, telecommunications companies have long sold local telephone service as a flat-rate access system, in which the consumer or business pays one monthly fee for unlimited telephone line usage. Activists in European countries argued that flat-rate access was a key to the success of electronic commerce in the United States. Although many factors contributed to the rapid rise of U. S. electronic commerce, many industry analysts agree that flat-rate access was one of the most important. As more European telecommunications providers began to offer flat-rate access, electronic commerce in those countries increased dramatically.

Across the Nightingale Floor

Suitable for students, Australian literature comprises of a variety of thought-provoking concepts that challenge readers’ minds, as opposed to the simple texts that students are confronted with nowadays. A mythic novel, Across the Nightingale Floor is an example of modern literature that most students read these days. A highly praised novel, it has received awards such as the German Youth Literature Prize. Written by the pseudonymous Australian author, Lian Hearn embraces a contemporary writing style, and her novel shows little resemblance to that of Australian literature. Based on high recommendations from my peers and seeing that the novel was intended for teens of both genders, I was compelled to explore this novel. Although a well written quest, I believe that it is an inappropriate book for high school study due to its incomplex storyline and weak moral sense. In the mythic novel, Takeo, a young boy living in the Three Countries, is on a quest to kill Iida, the callous leader of the Tohan clan, after Iida burnt Takeo’s village and killed his family. Takeo is taken in by Lord Shigeru and begins training as a warrior. Having being brought up by the Hidden, a peaceful clan who are against war, Takeo demonstrates reluctance to kill. This creates problems in his training and his teacher is determined to help him overcome this. Across the Nightingale Floor takes on a traditional and contemporary trend, incorporating ideas such as teenage love and arranged marriages. Gender discourses are embedded within the novel and are shown through the domination of males over females. Being a female, Kaede is without freedom and is forced into an arranged marriage with no objection. Lord Iida on the other hand, being a domineering male, overpowers Kaede. The majority of the novel consists of a war discourse which is apparent through the feud between Lord Shigeru and Iida. Family discourses are also seen at the very beginning of the novel with Takeo’s family. Contrasting themes are cleverly entwined, as the novel revolves around strong themes such as love, beauty, honour, vengeance and death. Love is portrayed through many parts of the novel; Takeo and Kaede, Lord Shigeru and Lady Maruyama and all the friendships and alliances that Takeo and Kaede make throughout the novel. Beauty is shown through Kaede’s striking appearance which men die for. Honour is seen in Kaede’s obligation to marry, as well as Takeo’s pledge to avenge Iida. Vengeance and death are portrayed in both Iida and Lord Shigeru’s death, and is also present throughout the entire novel as Takeo seeks to kill Iida. In terms of moral perspectives, Across the Nightingale Floor does not depict conceptions of peace as it holds many unethical ideas. Although mentioned early in the novel, Takeo’s religious upbringing is overlooked as his trainings as a warrior requires him to kill. Iida’s vindictive character is emphasized through his intentions of strengthening his power base by destroying defenceless villages. Innocent village inhabitants are brutally punished by Iida through methods such as suspending them in midair to be further eaten alive by crows. Such immoral concepts would not be suitable for school students to absorb. While the novel contains figurative language, it is also accompanied by plain prose which dissatisfies the story, and the reader’s opportunity to broaden their vocabulary is miniscule. Through the course of the novel, the reader follows three perspectives: The protagonist, Takeo, Kaede, and the narrator. Much confusion is brought about as the story switches from first person to third person, and a considerable level of concentration is required. The reader is needed to position themself in three perceptions, as well as being able to sympathize for both Takeo and Kaede. The novel’s intermittent pace also further complicates things as the author fails to describe the situations in detail. An example of this is the death of Takeo’s family. Although Takeo’s grievance for his dead family is obvious, it is difficult for the reader to sympathize for him due to their lack of understanding of his family bonds, caused by a deficiency in information. It can be easily assumed that the imagery contained in Across the Nightingale Floor is based on feudal Japan. A tell-tale sign of quests, the maps at the very beginning of the book lead to this preconception. Although this is the case, very little references are made to the surroundings within the novel, consequently decreasing the reader’s ability to visualize the exotic Japanese backdrop. Most of the characters’ thoughts are incoherent within the novel. Takeo’s thoughts on his new-found supernatural powers are unheard of, as well as what he thinks of having to use weapons, something which disagrees with his anti-war nature. As the antagonists of the novel, Iida and his men are undeveloped characters and do not seem to make much progress throughout the novel. They are not given a chance to portray their strengths, nor are they seen to fall. Because Takeo’s role as a warrior conflicts his reluctance to kill, his personality is divided thoroughout the whole novel. Takeo takes the centre of the many conflicts between the other characters, and this mainly influences and emphasizes his divided nature. As a result, Takeo’s issues remain at the end of the novel and he is unable to resolve them. It is evident that Australian literature is gradually dominated by simple texts and to my disappointment, Across the Nightingale Floor further highlights this issue. While its intended audience is young adults, I would recommend this novel for primary school students, due to its simple-crafted language and easy to grasp concepts. Although it may not be suitable for teens, as a children’s novel, Across the Nightingale Floor is an enjoyable read.

Vocabulary Tips Is Thank You One Word or Two

Vocabulary Tips Is Thank You One Word or Two Vocabulary Tips: Is Thank You One Word or Two? People often thank us for our proofreading. But even gratitude can cause spelling problems! In particular, it can be tricky to know whether to write thank you, thankyou, or even thank-you. So, is â€Å"thank you† one word or two? Check out our guide to find out. Thank You as Two Words As a verb phrase, â€Å"thank you† is always two words. Or to put it another way, you should always use two words for the act of thanking someone: Thank you for walking my dog. We can also use this term as a noun (i.e., something given as thanks): I’ll send your mom some flowers as a thank you. Or we can use it as an adjective to modify another noun: I received a thank you note in the mail today. So no matter how you are using â€Å"thank you,† you can write is as two words. Thankyou as One Word Until recently, writing â€Å"thankyou† as a single word was generally considered an error. And some people still don’t like it! But the single-word version of this term is more common now than it used to be, especially as a noun or an adjective. For instance: I’ll send your mom some flowers as a thankyou. I received a thankyou note in the mail today. Alternatively, some people hyphenate â€Å"thank-you† when using it as a noun or adjective. So we could rewrite the examples above as follows: I’ll send your mom some flowers as a thank-you. I received a thank-you note in the mail today. However, you cannot use these versions of the term as a verb. And you should not write â€Å"thankyou† or â€Å"thank-you† at all in formal writing unless you’re sure your style guide permits it. Summary: Is Thank You One Word or Two? In American English, we almost always write â€Å"thank you† as two words. This applies whether you use it as a verb phrase, a noun, or an adjective. However, other versions are gaining acceptance. How you write â€Å"thank you† may thus depend on how you use it: As a verb phrase, always use two words (e.g., Thank you for your time). As a noun or an adjective, you can write it as two words, as a single word, or with a hyphen. However, some still consider writing it as a single word incorrect, so use two words in formal writing. And if you’d like someone to check your writing, get in touch with Proofed.

Antony, Cleopatra and Enobarbus Essays

Antony, Cleopatra and Enobarbus Essays Antony, Cleopatra and Enobarbus Paper Antony, Cleopatra and Enobarbus Paper Essay Topic: Literature Shakespeare has created three strong characters within the play Antony and Cleopatra. Their attitudes to death and mortality in the play have little similarities as Antony, Cleopatra and Enobarbus all approach the issue differently. Enobarbus, for example, acquires a broken heart after regrettably leaving the side of Antony to join forces with Caesar. He is ashamed at what he has done and feels he has acted wrongly. When the messenger sent by Antony gives Enobarbus his treasure, it makes him feel guiltier for his disloyalty to his close friend. At this point, the option of suicide becomes apparent as Enobarbus speaks of his death which would be a way of ending his broken heart. At the end of Act IV, Enobarbus feels not worthy and exits by saying; go seek / some ditch wherein to die It isnt until Scene 9 that Enobarbus carries out his suicide. He looks up to the moon and addresses it, as this is associated with mental instability and asks the moon to witness his repentance and for the forgiveness of Antony, and in line 23 he stabs himself uttering Antonys name. Enobarbus death showed his weakness to carry on with the guilt of leaving Antony. He felt so ashamed of his actions and saw the only way to fix the wrong doing was to end his life as he was the one at fault. Antony however feared death. Shakespeare gives the audience the impression that he is scared of mortality. But when he hears the news that his beloved Cleopatra has apparently committed suicide he attempts suicide himself because without her in his life, he has nothing to live for. It is Eros who kills himself first after Antony asks Eros to kill him as he cannot bring himself to carry out the act. At this point Shakespeare encourages the audience to believe that Antony is going to die using the sword, but when Antony falls on Eros sword afterwards, he fails to kill himself outright. After then asking Decretas to kill him, it becomes almost like a pantomime with Antony messing up his suicide twice. With his life as a soldier at an end, Antony becomes like a brideroom in his death and runs to it, As a lovers bed with no hesitation when he finds out that Cleopatra had deceived him by lying about her suicide. When Antony is sent to Cleopatras monument after finding out that she is still alive, there is a sense of a double irony as she was not dead and he was dying. As Cleopatra eventually gives Antony his kiss which he asked for as his death wish, he dies. Cleopatras death at the end of the play is the result of a climatic build-up. Her death is to show courage which relates to being a Roman quality. After faking her death to see what her lover Antonys reaction would be, she commits suicide to defeat Caesar and join Antony. Five minutes after he has died, she feels like she has melted away. She becomes convinced that now Antony is gone, Caesar will show her off as a trophy and she will become part of a Roman pageant. This scares her immensely and she begins to sulk. Her stubbornness, strong will and single mind comes into play and this shows her powerful side. Cleopatra is a proud woman and is not afraid to kill herself as she doesnt want to continue with her life anymore. Her actually death takes place in her monument away from the reach of Caesar. She puts on her best clothes to give the impression that she is going to do this properly unlike Antony who had done so with his suicide. She uses the asp (snake) to show the symbol that her life was about to be untangled for itself and speaks of how she is jealous of those who have already died. It is not until she is half way through a sentence that she dies. This gives the end of the play a sudden twist as there is no way of knowing what else was about to be said by the queen and shows a less traditional aspect to the end of a morality play. There is a define sense of death with honour in Antony and Cleopatra and is portrayed strongly in the suicides of all three characters in some form. However it can be argued that Antony does not have this honour because of the fact that he had already attempted two times to kill himself by falling of the sword and failed and Enobarbus can be said to be dishonourable because he stabbed himself of a broken heart and felt that escapism was the only way to end his guilt. The only argument that is clearly apparent for Cleopatra being seen as dishonourable is when she faked her own suicide to see what her lovers reaction would be. All three characters have different divisions in their attitudes to death and the death situations and this is made clear in all three separate death scenes. But none of the suicides are planned with great thought except Cleopatras who felt she must die in dignity by dressing up and using snakes as a symbolic reference to dispatch its venom rather than stabbing herself. Smaller characters in the play do not have much focus on their deaths unlike Antony, Cleopatra and Enobarbus who are able to conduct powerful, meaningful speeches before their deaths. Characters such as Eros and Charmian, who are close friends to Antony and Cleopatra exit with little recognition. For example, Eros is shown to be honourable in refusing to kill Antony when he asks him to. He ends his life by turning the sword on himself with his back to Antony before trying to kill Antony himself. Eros speaks of his death by saying; Thus I do escape the sorrow / Of Antonys death. This character shows his loyalty to Antony until the end of his time in the play. Charmian too shows her commitment to the queen as her maidservant by killing herself after the death of Cleopatra. She speaks of the world as vile and sees no hope for the future now Cleopatra has killed herself, so she applies an asp to herself also. Her last words resort back to showing her admiration to the queen and suggests she is most royal by stating; It is well done, and fitting for a princess / Descended of so many royal kings These few words show how Shakespeare is acknowledging her reign and her powerful impact on peoples lives, and used Charmian as an example to show this in her death even though the focus did not remain on her afterwards. Throughout Antony and Cleopatra, different characters act to the news of peoples deaths in interesting ways. When Antonys first wife Fulvia dies, His reaction to her death was to know where she had died. It meant he had back the freedom he had previously wanted and was now able to marry Cleopatra but Antony now did not want to. There is hardly any reference to Fulvia in the play apart from Act 1 when her death is announced then soon forgotten by Antony. Cleopatra however asks why he married her but chose not to love her. This question asked by the queen proved Fulvias little existence to Antony and the audience may have been surprised about this. For Caesar, the death of Antony and Cleopatra changes his attitudes and this is made apparent in the last speech which is carried out by Caesar himself. As he delivers his speech, it seems as though he is now different. It steps back on how the audience has previously perceived Caesar as a somewhat negative figure which causes friction between the two main characters. Shakespeare draws the tragedy around this last significant speech as it gives the choice of pity or terror with the idea that the world can be re-built after the deaths of a great warrior and the queen of Egypt. It also emphasises that there is no loss on their part because Cleopatra will be with her Antony for eternal life in a happier place; She shall be buried by her Antony. This part can be said to be connected with the ending in Hamlet with the funeral narration. In this play, Shakespeare creates the sense of death as going somewhere better then where they are stationed now. This was because he wrote his plays around Christian beliefs in the 1600s which meant that there was meant to be a life after death. Perhaps this idea meant that the play Antony and Cleopatra wasnt so much an emphasis into a tragedy but shown as a basis of something better to come out of their lives in Rome and Egypt after the wars and disloyalty of people throughout the story. It is noticeable to see how the beginning of the play differs to the end of the play on attitudes to death. The use of the fortune teller (soothsayer) in Act II, Scene 3 makes it seem that Antony is in control of a great force. The soothsayer tells Antony that he has a guiding spirit which is courageous and unmatchable, but fearful towards Caesar, so he should be wary of his limitations. Antony does not listen to his advice and it isnt until later when he loses the second battle he begins to struggle maintaining his successful image, which he feels is fading away. His attitudes change after this, as he goes from believing he can beat Caesar to feeling defeated in war. This is when he becomes scared of death and his earlier strong, fearless character has disappeared. The soothsayer also predicts the deaths of others. This tragedy reflects on three main criteria: war, love and betrayal which all connect with death. The men who fought for Antony and Caesar died in both battles on land and sea, Antony and Cleopatra died in the end for each other so love was the cause for their deaths, and the betrayal of friends such as Enobarbus leaving Antony to join Caesars army all contrast to create the tragedy itself. There is not one main factor that can be used to explain the suicides of each character, especially for Antony, Cleopatra and Enobarbus as they saw dying as achieving different things. The message of this tragedy has many definitions such as escapism, pain, suffering, gloom and death itself. But perhaps the main is the fall of a great man which is Antony himself. He was a great leader and was admired for his achievements. He had to be high up for it to be a tragic fall in the play. Each three main death scenes had their own purposely built moments, and Shakespeare must have deliberately chosen to do this. The death parts are built up, which starts with Enobarbus who is the first to die, and his reason for doing so was because he was heart broken, downbeat and felt guilty. The second is taken one step higher with Antonys death having two parts. The tension rises however when he dies in the middle of a line. But these two suicides are the climatic build up to Cleopatras death which is planned with props for the stage and a long death speech. It can be said that her suicide was the dramatic finale with the two suicides of the other main characters being looked upon as not as important because of how her death was prepared and ended the play. This love-tragedy by Shakespeare sees the heroine as centre of attention like many other of his plays, so this is why she deserves to die with the dignity that Antony and Enobarbus did not.

Asia pacific

Asia pacific Diageo c consists of Australia, the People's Republic of China, Republic Of Korea, Japan, Siam, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia India and Nz. Diageo operates using several joint-venture partners in Asia Pacifi c. In Singapore, Malaya, Hong Kong and Macau, the People's Republic of China, Siam and Japan, Diageo directs nearly all its spirits manufacturers through partnership plans with Moà «t Hennessy. Diageo has created in-industry businesses in China (for manufacturers not a part of the partnership including Smirnoff and Baileys) and Vietnam (for most manufacturers). In Taiwan and Republic Of Korea, the own supply firms of Diageo deliver a lot of the manufacturers of Diageo. Throughout the year ended 30 Kirin and Diageo Brewery Co Ltd created a partnership lead to the increase goals of both firms and to increase supply of Diageo goods. Kirin today directs Smirnoff Ice and beer. Additional wine and spirits brands, which will not be written by both Kirin or the partnership, are managed by 3rd parties. In Malaya, Diageo's own and third-party drinks are made and written by means of a detailed enterprise (Guinness Anchor Berhad) where Diageo and its associate, Asia Pacifi c Breweries, get many share by means of a mutually managed joint venture firm. In Singapore, Asia Pacific Breweries brew and distributed the ale manufacturers of Diageo. In India, supply of both imported and locally-produced goods is realized by means of a mixture of Diageo's own supply v third party vendors. Deliver and a partnership continues to be created to make specific superior spirits that are nearby, the fi rst that was Master-Stroke. Pillsbury Mills Diageo got an expense in the shares of Common Mls around the removal of Pillsbury. Diageo marketed 50-million shares of frequent inventory Generally Mls and transferred an additional 4-million shares to Diageo and the British pension finance quit in order to become liate of Basic Mls for US government securities regulations goals then. Diageo offered its staying 25 zillion shares of typical inventory of Basic Generators. Hamburger King Dec 2002 Diageo finished the removal of Hamburger King on 1-3. Environmental facets Diageo attempts to fulfi l its obligations including through analyzing its influence about its particular guidelines associated with neighborhood and societal issues in addition to workers and the surroundings. Diageo h-AS established stretching goals to decrease its influence around the surroundings, and also to t the company, the towns where it manages as well as the earth. The exec environmental team that is operating accounts for establishing coverage. This year, the operating team modified and reissued Diageo's environment plan to refl etc the higher Dream the firm h AS for progress that is environment. The coverage is backed by the danger administration framework which supplies a system for tracking conformity and establishes execution standards of Diageo. As said In the plan of Diageo, the institution's measures about the health of the planet are intended in mild of current medical knowledge , nor ride on having complete proof specifi c harm, thereby assisting the notion of a preventative strategy. The launch of greenhouse gases - particularly carbon - comes with a direct effect on climatechange which, possibly indirectly or immediately, gift ideas substantial threat equally to earth along with company. The threat contain effects around the farming which the business depends for raw supplies, dislocation of the Firm's developments to supply or the character of customer need, and these of associates that are industrial or businesses. Diageo presumes the threats from climate-change may be mitigated if emits of greenhouse gases were enough reduced and, by its very nature, spent some time working for a long time to decrease immediate emissions (from powers) and in-direct pollutants (from electricity). Diageo recognises that its achievement as time goes by may count inpart to the abundance of the towns in the robustness of its own associations with these communities and which the firm manages. Helping long-lasting lasting projects in the communities where Diageo does company progress growth of the towns, employs workers, establishes the business's standing and improves its Associations with additional stakeholders as well as authorities. Diageo targets jobs that produce abilities, boost use of water, answer organic catastrophes, assistance workers and encourage efficiency. Diageo requires delight in its Report of neighborhood investment. Nearly all of the expense comes all over the world in a type of money, inkind contributions and offer period from companies. Additionally, it has help for the city characteristics of liable ingesting jobs and awards from the Foundation from the Accountable Drinking Finance of Diageo. As well as world-wide Projects, Diageo helps direct participation by workers to help towns that are neighborhood. In economic conditions that were tough, Diageo workers selected World Water Day-To reveal their dedication to the business's community plan through coordinated actions to get the Africa Water of Li Fe of Diageo plan. There were 30 ‘Make a Dash' occasions including enjoyable times, half-marathons, composing competitions as well as water conservation matches to love, in 20 states for their loved ones and workers. Over  £1.7 thousand was elevated and given to the Water of Existence 1Million Problem as well as additional neighborhood water tasks. Diageo manages worldwide and is a significant participator in the drink alcohol business that is brand-Ed. It offers worldclass manufacturers as well as a conduite group. The administration group needs to carry on its technique of growing globally, purchasing world-wide manufacturers and establishing revolutionary services and brands. Diageo redirects and creates a top range of wine, ale and brand-Ed superior spirits. The variety of superior manufacturers it creates and directs contains Captain Morgan bourbon, JB scotch whisky Tanqueray, Johnnie Walker whisky vodka Guinness stout In addition it also offers the submission privileges for the tequila manufacturers in a number of additional marketplaces and North America.

Accessing bank data crime through the use of various information Dissertation

Accessing bank data crime through the use of various information technology in Saudi law - Dissertation Example However, the same has also led to a simultaneous rise in data crimes, and identity thefts have increased manifold. The ‘playing field’ for criminals has also widened, opening up newer avenues for committing virtual crimes; thus replacing unpleasant physical encounters with cyber crimes (Yusuf 2003). For instance, prior to the computerization of banks, most of the bank frauds or thefts involved armed robberies and breaking into banks causing physical injury to people and considerable damage to property. Today, the criminals use internet to break into customers’ accounts and steal their identities for withdrawing cash, thus only causing monetary damage. The tools available at the disposal of such criminals have also risen considerably with the advent of information technology, where frauds and thefts can easily be committed from the comforts of one’s own home (Forder, Quirk, 2001; Kono et al, 2002). The fact that computers and internet have made life easier f or customers in the banking sector, with services enabled through technology such as ATMs, internet banking, and bank by phone services, cannot be denied. However, at the same time, the complexities of bank-related crimes have also increased substantially and simultaneously. It has posed newer challenges for law enforcement agencies to monitor and control such crimes, making it practically mandatory for the law makers to enact new cyber laws; and their officers to gain and be proficient in computer science / forensics. As humans grow more and more dependent on technology, it is highly likely that computer related crimes would increase simultaneously (Lee, Lee, & Kim, 2007). Hence, the appropriate enactment and application of laws and effective use of technology are the only tools to combat and address such crimes with utmost efficiency. Furthermore, it is also equally important, rather imperative, for customers to understand and be aware of such crimes so as to secure their bank acc ounts from such fraudulent practices (Sathe, 1999; Salvatore, 2006; Jaffer, 2005; Laforet 2008; Dar and Presley 2003). This paper seeks to discuss, analyze and recommend ways to combat the challenges posed by technology enabled crimes within the banking sector, and use the same as an effective means of securing and preventing bank data thefts. Meaning and Definitions of key terms used: Data: According to Article 1 (3) of the Anti Cyber Crime Law, the term ‘data’ refers to â€Å"Information, commands, messages, voices, or images which are prepared or have been prepared for use in computers. This includes data which can be saved, processed, transmitted, or constructed by computers, such as numbers, letters, codes, etc.† Thus with reference to banks and for the purpose of this study, data thefts refers to the theft of all or any of the above mentioned data by use of information technology. Significance: This study would help in identifying the various ways in which data thefts occur in banks and raise awareness on the issue. Furthermore, it is intended to highlight the many ways in which technology can be used to counter such crimes, and address them through effective application of technology (Zheng and Ni, 2006). This study would also include various recommendations to reduce such thefts through network security; ensure greater protection of customers’ data by using tools which would prevent the cyber criminals from hacking and other similar ID related frauds. Thus, help the banks in improving its productivity as well as profitability by offering secure transactions. Scope of study: This study aims to highlight the

NCLB in your School Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

NCLB in your School - Coursework Example Effectively, the Act requires the development of basic skills assessments, critical towards receiving federal education funding (CQ Press, 2005).This is in addition to continuously giving these assessments to all students at various select grade levels, with each state developing individual standards. The utility of Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) standardized examinations is viewed as a pertinent requirement of all states in the U.S. This is aimed at achieving the critical purpose of NCLB that entails having all American students achieve proficiency in mathematics and reading by the year 2014. Accordingly, as founded under pertinent legislation, individual states are tasked with the setting of their individual standards, which students in public schools need to achieve. Through measurement of such student progress, states are thereafter able to solicit for federal funding, based on achievement of set standards (CQ Press, 2005). The requirement that all schools need to publish scores attained for the public to view enables parents to decide on the best education avenues through which their children can progress through. In case of contexts where schools continuously fail to meet these standards, pertinent measures are taken towards improving the schooling system present. These include utility of summer schooling and tutoring programs, or overall system restructuring if need be (New America Foundation, 2014). The AYP standardized examinations are critical towards measurement of individual and student-group progress. According to New America Foundation (2014), this is in reference to proficiency in mathematics and reading, which is essential in qualifying students for advancement to higher levels of learning. Critically so, these examinations are unique to individual states, given that there exists no national achievement standards. The NCLB Act expands federal role-play in public education

Term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Term paper - Essay Example It is not a simple task to sum up the framework of present day’s consumer in a singularly described procedure. Not just do consumers' personal requirements show a discrepancy on a case-by-case basis, but also as a collective whole, customers' requirements are growing and have turn out to be a lot more intricate and challenging as compared to previous generations. Businesses are always trying to find techniques to not just meet these high hopes, but also go beyond them. Customers want not only personalized answers to their queries, but are as well trying to find personalization in terms of the approach company and its representatives adopt to take care of them. 2. How do other businesses provide this? Personalized customer service is one of the single most essential factors most organizations fail to notice, although it is the single factor that can in fact create trust with their customers at every step. From the instant they approach the company’s outlet or representat ive to the instant they take delivery of their order, giving personalized customer service will let one’s clients make out that they are the most essential business asset (Barnes, 2000). It does not actually take a lot of creativity to offer this level of service to the clients. Simply think about their opinion. What are their expectations from the company? How do they want to be treated by the company’s representatives? When it is known what is expected from the company, the company should go ahead of it. Do not provide only the smallest levels of service; surpass them on every level of the customer experience. Some of the methods by which other companies are providing personalized customer services are: Computerizing to the extent that is feasible and make it simple to get information regarding the products or services they offer. Offering clients the ability to â€Å"help themselves† gets a lot of the sales stress off and let them come to a decision in their own time. Maintaining stability in customer service from the minute customer places the order to the final follow up, sending them a note following the sale, asking them how they like the performance of the company and if they are happy with the level of service. Offering â€Å"added value† services, for instance, complimentary upgrades or guides. Keeping the clients up to date even after the sale as well as keeping lines of communication open, although not including all the sales publicity every time. Applying a ‘customer first’ environment between the workers and checking that they are following all the way through. Making sure that the staff quickly deals with the complaints. Giving incentive to workers who go that extra mile to think about the customers. This produces an atmosphere of personalized customer service. 3. How have other businesses profited from this? Other businesses are getting profits from personalized customer service in the following ways: Co mpanies start to gain profit from personalized customer service the instant they give their sales team members the power to take decisions on the shop floor. Clients will

Performance management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Performance management - Case Study Example In PMP, an on-going process of communication is developed between the supervisor and the employee throughout the year in achieving the objectives of the organization. This view is shared by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management as a cycle of systematic process that involves its employees in the process in the improvement of organizational effectiveness in accomplishing its goals. This cycle shown at left, consists of planning the work and setting expectations; a continuous monitoring of performance; development of the capacity to perform; rating of performance periodically, and recognition thru reward of a good performance (U.S Office of Personnel Management, n.d.) In Colorado State, a Performance Management Program is a state-mandated program, wherein Colorado Boulder University is required to implement for its state-classified employees (Office of Labor Relations). Rees, 2011 said that in order to become a classified employee, Colorado system requires some standards such as one s hould be a resident of Colorado State, and must qualify in the standards set in the merit system. The Classified employees are part of the Colorado Classified Personnel System.The performance system of the Colorado State is done in three parts: the achievement pay, sound performance management pay and dispute resolutions (Rees, 2011).

What is the difference between dumping and subsidies And what is to be Assignment

What is the difference between dumping and subsidies And what is to be established in every subsidy and dumping investigation - Assignment Example Some of the common subsidies may include loans at low interest rates, grants, and tax incentives. The amount of goods that have been subsidized may be offset through applying the countervailing duty (Giannakopoulos, 2004). In every subsidy and dumping investigation, it is to be established whether an industry has been injured or threatened with a material injury by the imported products. In addition, it must establish whether the industry has become materially retarded because of the imports that are under investigation which have been sold at lower prices than the fair value in the local market or subsidized. In case the investigations turn negative, the case is terminated. However, in case the investigations turn negative, the extent of injury is determined whether it is negligible (Bentley & Silberston, 2007). In case it’s not, a countervailing duty is issued and enforced by the custom Service. Bentley,  P., & Silberston,  A. (2007). Anti-dumping and countervailing action: Limits imposed by economic and legal theory. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=G9hj0R3iqqMC&pg=PA2&dq=Anti-dumping+and+countervailing+action:+Limits+imposed+by+economic+and+legal+theory&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2fJvVeD8EOiX7QbKyYPoAg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Anti-dumping%20and%20countervailing%20action%3A%20Limits%20imposed%20by%20economic%20and%20legal%20theory&f=false Giannakopoulos,  T.  K. (2004). Safeguarding companies rights in competition and anti-dumping/anti-subsidies proceedings. The Hague: Kluwer Law International. Retrieved from

Term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Term paper - Essay Example It is not a simple task to sum up the framework of present day’s consumer in a singularly described procedure. Not just do consumers' personal requirements show a discrepancy on a case-by-case basis, but also as a collective whole, customers' requirements are growing and have turn out to be a lot more intricate and challenging as compared to previous generations. Businesses are always trying to find techniques to not just meet these high hopes, but also go beyond them. Customers want not only personalized answers to their queries, but are as well trying to find personalization in terms of the approach company and its representatives adopt to take care of them. 2. How do other businesses provide this? Personalized customer service is one of the single most essential factors most organizations fail to notice, although it is the single factor that can in fact create trust with their customers at every step. From the instant they approach the company’s outlet or representat ive to the instant they take delivery of their order, giving personalized customer service will let one’s clients make out that they are the most essential business asset (Barnes, 2000). It does not actually take a lot of creativity to offer this level of service to the clients. Simply think about their opinion. What are their expectations from the company? How do they want to be treated by the company’s representatives? When it is known what is expected from the company, the company should go ahead of it. Do not provide only the smallest levels of service; surpass them on every level of the customer experience. Some of the methods by which other companies are providing personalized customer services are: Computerizing to the extent that is feasible and make it simple to get information regarding the products or services they offer. Offering clients the ability to â€Å"help themselves† gets a lot of the sales stress off and let them come to a decision in their own time. Maintaining stability in customer service from the minute customer places the order to the final follow up, sending them a note following the sale, asking them how they like the performance of the company and if they are happy with the level of service. Offering â€Å"added value† services, for instance, complimentary upgrades or guides. Keeping the clients up to date even after the sale as well as keeping lines of communication open, although not including all the sales publicity every time. Applying a ‘customer first’ environment between the workers and checking that they are following all the way through. Making sure that the staff quickly deals with the complaints. Giving incentive to workers who go that extra mile to think about the customers. This produces an atmosphere of personalized customer service. 3. How have other businesses profited from this? Other businesses are getting profits from personalized customer service in the following ways: Co mpanies start to gain profit from personalized customer service the instant they give their sales team members the power to take decisions on the shop floor. Clients will

What is the difference between dumping and subsidies And what is to be Assignment

What is the difference between dumping and subsidies And what is to be established in every subsidy and dumping investigation - Assignment Example Some of the common subsidies may include loans at low interest rates, grants, and tax incentives. The amount of goods that have been subsidized may be offset through applying the countervailing duty (Giannakopoulos, 2004). In every subsidy and dumping investigation, it is to be established whether an industry has been injured or threatened with a material injury by the imported products. In addition, it must establish whether the industry has become materially retarded because of the imports that are under investigation which have been sold at lower prices than the fair value in the local market or subsidized. In case the investigations turn negative, the case is terminated. However, in case the investigations turn negative, the extent of injury is determined whether it is negligible (Bentley & Silberston, 2007). In case it’s not, a countervailing duty is issued and enforced by the custom Service. Bentley,  P., & Silberston,  A. (2007). Anti-dumping and countervailing action: Limits imposed by economic and legal theory. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=G9hj0R3iqqMC&pg=PA2&dq=Anti-dumping+and+countervailing+action:+Limits+imposed+by+economic+and+legal+theory&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2fJvVeD8EOiX7QbKyYPoAg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Anti-dumping%20and%20countervailing%20action%3A%20Limits%20imposed%20by%20economic%20and%20legal%20theory&f=false Giannakopoulos,  T.  K. (2004). Safeguarding companies rights in competition and anti-dumping/anti-subsidies proceedings. The Hague: Kluwer Law International. Retrieved from

Starbucks Essay Example for Free

Starbucks Essay Starbucks uses HR to help to budget and manage costs. They do this by having a set of people for specific tasks. If someone is more skilled they will move that person to another place because they have better skills and the quality of their work is much better which shows that they have better qualifications. Human resources make the business a work place and at Starbucks the employees have certain characteristics like their behaviour and age, which helps to improve the businesses expectation from customers. Cut wastage Starbucks are bringing in new ways to cut waste, like recently they have introduced a reusable plastic cup, which looks like a normal Starbucks cup. They are selling these for an extra $1 and also the customer receives a discount from Starbucks so this is persuading the consumer to get this because it will help them to get a discount and also they are saving money. This will help to improve the business and also it helps to budget costs because they are reusing their products. Starbucks have electrical products which can be repaired or recycled also the distributors of the electronic equipment have a part to play in the reducing the amount of WEEE going into landfill sites. The building waste the landlord is in charge to manage the waste there. Reduce amount of stock held Starbucks have to make sure that they maintain the amount of stock they order because they might not have enough space in there warehouse to store it. So they only order items that they know are going to sell well and they use on a regular basis like Starbucks cups, milk and sugar products like that. They want to maintain the amount of stock because they are trying to control budget costs and by maintaining stock they are helping to reduce costs at the same time. So they are improving the company’s performance by doing this. ICT computers and technology Starbuck stores have Free Wi-Fi in there stores which allow customers to buy beverages and use there Wi-Fi to do work. Because Starbucks have a lot of seating for the customers which allows customers to come in and enjoy a drink while doing some work. Other reasons are that Starbucks needs to have technology because they think like Starbucks rewards card and they need technology to use these items, which will help them. Also having these items helps to reduce waste and it helps to control budgets because the cards are reusable and the free Wi-Fi will persuade customers to buy a drink or food from there. Less mistakes in production When the staffs is making the customers food or beverage they need to ensure that items are made to a good standard so they aren’t making mistakes which will cause a problem also it will help to save money for the business. This will help to control their budgets which are important when it comes to ordering stock so they don’t have less stock during a certain order. Everything is produced efficiently so when the customer orders a double cream hot chocolate they receive a double cream so the customer is happy and the staffs is listening to the customers’ requirements. Fewer loans Starbucks need to ensure that they don’t have a problem with taking loans out and also they need to make sure they aren’t taking loans out for no apparent reason so they don’t make a loss. Starbucks won’t effect as much if they take a loan out because they are a multimillion business so they don’t really need to worry about taking loans out. Controlling budgets may help businesses stay in profit. Controlling budgets will help Starbucks stay in profit because it will help them to understand which areas of the business needs more progress and help. Like Starbucks will need to determine which sectors of the business need more of a bigger control like the rent will always be the same each month but during Christmas and winter Starbucks tends to bring out new products like gingerbread latte so they will need more stock around this time of the year. So controlling the budget will vary depending on the time of the year. Cut down on maintenance Starbucks need to cut down on maintenance but they need to maintain their machinery so they can produce the products for the consumers otherwise there will be problem. They need to ensure that items can be reused like I said before they introduced a reusable cup for customers to use. The other things they need to consider are that they need to ensure there are several different aspects of things.

Entrepreneur identifies opportunities for business

Entrepreneur identifies opportunities for business Introduction â€Å"Entrepreneur identifies of opportunities, takes risks and garners resources with an explicit focus on the creation of new products, services, knowledge or ideas ( Shane 2003)†. This article will introduce one of greatest entrepreneurs in China—Ma Yun, the English name is Jack Ma who is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Alibaba Group at present, he was a Forbes magazine was founded more than 50 years to become the front cover of the first entrepreneurs in mainland China, as well as won the named Global Leader of Tomorrow. In addition, Jack Ma also served as director of Softbank Group, China Yahoo, Chairman of the Board, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Business Advisory Committee under (ABAC) members, Alibaba, Hangzhou Normal University, Business School Dean, director of Huayi Brothers Media Group(http://baike.baidu.com). Background of Jack Ma and his Alibaba.com Jack Ma was born in 15th October in 1964, he hometownisHangzhouZhejiangprovince of China. Hegraduated from Hangzhou Teachers College in 1988, his major is English. After he was becamean English teacher at the HangzhouElectronicEngineeringCollege. In 1995, he has had an opportunity that visited the United States for the first time access to the Internet, which was made a huge shock to him, after returning home, he established â€Å"Chinese Yellow Pages† in Internet. In 1997, he joined the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Trade, the main responsible for the development of Chinese products on its official site and the online trading market (http://baike.baidu.com). In 1999, he seriously considered that he resign from the government offical work. He is one of thefounders of Alibaba.com, to develop e-business applications, particularly in Business to Business (B2B). At present,Alibaba.com is a global inter-enterprise (B2B) e-commerce well-known brands, is the worlds area of international trade within the largest and most active online trading market and the business community (http://tech.sina.com.cn).On the one hand, in order to the success of Alibaba, so that Jack Ma was invited several times to lecture the worlds leading institution of higher learning, including the University of Pennsylvania Wharton Shool, MIT, Harvard and so on. On the other hand, he was invited to Dawos AnnualMeeting have eight timessince 2002. In addition, good location, solid structure, excellent service to make Alibaba the worlds first network has more than 8 million business e-commerce website, over 220 countries and regions around the world every day to businesses and merchants to provide 8.1 million commercial supply and demand information become a global business network to promote the preferred site has been business people as the most popular B2B website (http://tech.sina.com). Outstanding performance by all walks of life to make Alibabas attention. WTO Director-General of Sutherland as the first Alibaba consultants, the U.S. Department of Commerce, the Japanese economy, Trade and Industry, Federation of European SMEs and other government and private agencies to local businesses recommended Alibaba (http://tech.sina.com). Jack Ma founded Alibaba media at home and abroad, and foreign venture capitalists in Silicon Valley hailed with Yahoo, Amazon, eBay, AOL par with the top five business schools on behalf of one of the Internet. It was established to promote the establishment of Chinas business credit, in the fierce international competition for small and medium enterprises has created unlimited opportunities, Let the world is not difficult to do business (Ma 2010). Jack Ma set up the personal auction site Taobao, successfully blazed a unique path localization in China, from the first quarter of 2005 started to become Asias largest personal auction site (http://tech.sina.com.cn). The end of 2009, Alibaba Group Chairman of the Board Jack Ma appeared Xinhua News Agency, and young editors and reporters to conduct a open communication. This allows us to feel close to this young entrepreneur has been hailed as pioneering Godfather charm. His passion, wisdom, humor, as well as signature-style insolent and the Xinhua News Agency, the exciting young editors and reporters asked for the exchange of one climax after another, the applause continued, laughing (Ma 2010). How could do such successful E-business as Jack Ma who do not understand programming, do not understand finance, people do not understand the design, and how to come to an Internet company today, Jakc Ma joked and said that the company someone asked him things, he was 95 percent did not know, he absolutely did not know, but he knows who knows who should know. He said, CEOs ability that they will use someone elses head (Ma 2010). There are two approches to analysishow Jack Mapersonality characteristics make him become a great entrepreneur in the high competitive inforamtion age, including OCEAN and PEST. OCEAN (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism) According to Baron and Harringtons the OCEAN diagram shows that the successful entrepreneur have the positive aspects involves Openness, Extraversion, and Neuroticism. However, the negative aspectswhich are disadvantages to the entrepreneur includes conscientiousness and agreeableness (Baron 1981). Firstly, Jack Ma is an openness and Extraversion,because he is open to new experiences, intellectually curious, and asethetically sensitive to did his business— Alibaba, for example, since he first time seen Internet in American, after he back home he already made decision to do business related with Internet, even though during that time he did not have any knowledge about Internet. Secondly, through Jack Mas presentations, magazines, and blogs. It can be clearly that Jack Ma who is a Creative management, which means that â€Å"being more creative yourself or managing others so that they can be more creative or ensuring that the system that is being managed operates more creatively (Henry 2001)†.For example, in 1999 when he leading his team started the E-business, he did not know the professional knowledge about Internet and computer, he just got idea, but he believe that Internet will become the main business method during in the 21st century. Although Jack Ma believe that himself is an idealistic,self-confident and ambition person, he is an openness, extraversion, and neuroticism.Jack Matends to take risks, challenges assumptions, and abrasive person. Namely, when he determined do Alibaba.com, his team group have 24 people, only one agreed with his idea, the other 23 people disagreed his purpose.Howeverthese problems did not stopped his planning, he still persisted him way to did Alibaba.com and gained great successful(http://tech.sina.com.cn). Thirdly, Jack Ma is a convergent thinking which is the process of converting all of the general ideas—the goals and non-specific solutions—into the specific solutions that form an application.For example, in Alibaba.com people have word right, they can argue with the manager, they can creative new way to do business, and the com he has the idea how to do the business, while he did not understood how to do the specific and specilist job. Lastly, JackMa, he described himself that he is an idealist, his romantic idealism of this complex has also brought into Alibaba, Jack Ma said that Alibaba and other companies in addition to its assessment of the difference is outside the employees performance, but also the staff appraisal mission and values. In the future, but also add an index: Social welfare (http://yunma.blog.china ). As well as Jack Mas motto is that â€Å"Today is very cruel, more brutal tomorrow, the day after tomorrow is very beautiful, but most of the people who died in tomorrow night, only those who can see the real heroes of the day after tomorrow the sun (Ma 2010)†. This is reflected that although his mind is idealization, his action is more powerful, realistic and as firm as a rock. He has strong persist in his Internet dream on the road. Alibabas values which is not only the companys value, but also is Jack Mas and his team groups value. Such as the company take policies First: focus on the customers concern, to provide customers with advice and information to help customers grow. Teamwork: Shared-sharing in order to complete the big or small, Embrace Change: Breaking through the self, to meet the changing.Integrity: honesty, integrity, keep its promises.Passion: Never give up, optimism up. Dedicated: a professional attitude and the usual state of mind to do extraordinary things (http://page.china.alibaba.com). PEST (Political, Economic and Environment, Social, Technology) factors According to Belbins acknowledges that â€Å"the preferred role is linked to reasoning ability, personality charateristics, personal values, learned behaviours, and the priorities and processes of the managers job (Belbin 1993)†.For example the Alibaba.com catched the best opportunities to set up E-business on Internet. The Value perspect= permission, ideas and realistic connected together Social responsibility Charity, environment Political Customer, employees, stakeholders Secondly, The entrepreneurs organization Team group, trust, loyalty, goal, adhere to for example in 1999, 18 people organiza Alibaba. No money, no Lastly, The external environment: economic problem, social problem, Creaitve new way to management the future, open, share, responsble, globlization. Conclusion Alibaba the next one tenth anniversary of the three objectives: First, they want to the worlds 10 million small businesses to provide equal platform; second, to create a million jobs; Taobao online last year, the direct creation of employment opportunities At 1.7 million, 180 million per year, an increase of 2.5 million logistics industry, many employees because Taobao; third, one billion people worldwide consumer platforms. The world is needed is a more open, more sharing, more the responsibility of the social needs of a community-oriented enterprises, and from the community and serve the society for the future of social responsibility of business is full of responsibility, the world needs is a kind of spiritual , a culture, a belief, a dream.

War :: essays research papers

2.â€Å"War leaves mental as well as physical scars.† Discuss the truth of this statement using evidence from No Pretty Pictures, short stories, extracts (from Night and other text) and poetry. When something drastic happens in your life it always leaves an impact on your memories. This has happened to those who have lived through wars, not only memories but also mental and physical scars. Some of those who have endured wars first hand and have suffered with scars both mental and physical left by war have recorded their experiences in autobiographies and poems. In ‘Losses’ Randall Jarrell, shares with the reader the losses and pain he suffered while he was at war and the pain he suffered after the war also. Although he survived he writes, â€Å"It was not dying: everybody died. It was not dying: we had died before.† He describes the death of others whom he cared for or knew and the destruction of his surroundings. Something inside him died, he was never the same after seeing massive damage inflicted on everything and he expresses this. In the last verse of ‘Losses’, he says, ‘It was not dying- no, not ever dying; But in the night I died I dreamed that I was dead, And the cities said to me: ‘Why are you dying?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We are satisfied if you are’; but why did I die?’ Jarrell shares with the audience a taste of what was going on inside his head and sharing with the reader that dying doesn’t mean death of the body, but he is dying in such a way that his soul and personality was becoming different from before the war. He was killing people and his friends are being killed. He thought eventually everything around him will turn to dust, and was afraid he would lose his sanity and the person he used to be, thus leaving him mental scars from trauma caused by war and physical scars inflicted by war. This was also the case with Elie Wiesel the author of Night. He describes many incidents, which were so intense that it scarred him mentally. In the third chapter of his autobiography he records how he is separated from his mother He had no idea what could happen to her and feared that she might die. A few minutes later he was confronted with death itself. He was standing in front of a gigantic fire thinking he would be thrown in, but instead he witnessed dead people being thrown into the fire, babies and young children.

Inclusion of Children with Disabilities Essay -- Education School Spec

Inclusion of Children with Disabilities Along with many other topics of special education, the topic of inclusion has been surrounded by uncertainty and controversy for as long as the concept has been around. This controversy may stem from the fact that inclusion is expensive and experts disagree about how much time disabled students should spend in regular classrooms (Cambanis, 2001). Although this topic is controversial, it cannot be ignored. Inclusion will, at some point, affect 1% of all children born each year, who will have disabilities and the families and educators they will come in contact with (Stainback, 1985). There are two major federal laws that deal with the education of children with special needs. One of these laws is, The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, also known as IDEA (W.E.A.C, 2001). This law passed in 1975, was the first act to guarantee all students with disabilities a public education (Kluth, Villa & Thousand, 2001). This law requires that the school district supply an IEP, individualized education program (Merritt, 2001), for every child with disabilities. This law also requires that the IEP team consider placing each child in the least restrictive environment possible (W.E.A.C, 2001). The least restrictive environment possible refers to the environment that would benefit the handicapped student the most, both academically and socially. The IEP team usually considers three possibilities for the student. One possibility is that of a self-contained classroom, where the student would be in a class with all disabled students and be taught by special education teachers. A second possibility is that the student be placed in a general education classroom for half of the... .... Learning Disability Quarterly, 24(4), pp.265-74. Retrieved March 11, 2002 from WilsonSelect Database. Palmer, David S., Fuller, Kathy., Arora, Tina. (2001). Taking Sides: Parent View on Inclusion for Their Children with Severe Disabilities. Exceptional Children, 67(4), pp.467-484. Retrieved March, 11, 2002 from WilsonSelect Database. Choate, Joyce S. (1997). Successful Inclusive Teaching- Proven Ways to Detect and Correct Special Needs. Massachusetts: Allyn& Bacon. Stainback, Susan & William. (1985). Integration of Students with Severe Handicaps into Regular Schools. Virginia: The Council for Exceptional Children. Special Education Inclusion. (2001). Retrieved February 25, 2002 from http://www.weac.org.htm Active Inclusion-Facilitating Active Inclusion in Secondary Education. (2000). Retrieved February 25, 2002 from http://www.faise.com

Cyp 3.4 Health and Safety

CYP Core 3. 4 Support children and young people’s Health and Safety When planning a healthy and safe indoor or outdoor environment there are some factors that need to be taken into account. Specific Risk to individuals. Specific Risk to individuals. Age, needs and abilities of the children and young people. Age, needs and abilities of the children and young people. Desired outcomes for children and young people. Desired outcomes for children and young people. Line of responsibility and accountability. Line of responsibility and accountability. The duty of care. The duty of care. Function and Purpose of the environment or service offered.Function and Purpose of the environment or service offered. Needs of carers. Needs of carers. Health and Safety factors to consider when planning. Health and Safety factors to consider when planning. Age, needs and abilities of children and young people All children and young people have developmental milestones which tell us the approximate ag e at which most children are likely to develop certain skills and ways they are expected to behave. However, the individual needs of each child or young person needs to be taken into account when planning a safe and healthy learning environment as the needs and abilities of each ndividual will vary particularly if an impairment, such as a learning difficulty or a physical disability has been identified. The age, needs and abilities of children impact significantly on what is safe or unsafe for them to come into contact with. For instance an eight month old baby will be expected to pick up objects within their reach and put them to their mouth so when planning a safe environment for them it will be important to keep small objects that present a choking hazard out of their reach.It is with this in mind that most practitioners will choose toys and materials safely. Before choosing toys they must be checked to ensure that they carry a safety mark which gives assurance that the products are safe to use as directed by the manufacturer. It is very important that toys and equipment are used in the way instructed by the manufacturer and not for any other purpose. All toys and equipment must also be assembled using the manufacturer instructions and age guidelines must be followed. E. g. â€Å"This product is not safe for children under 3 due to small parts†.It is important to remember the specific needs and abilities of each child when allowing them to use toys and equipment as some children for example may have developmental delays and still put things in their mouth like younger children so exercising extra caution may be necessary. Choosing toys and equipment that is durable and will last longer is practical as they are more likely to withstand constant use and have less of a chance of breaking and becoming potentially dangerous to the children using them.At St Cuthbert’s the needs and abilities of all children were taken into account when planning the outdoor areas, the school grounds and split into three different sections nursery and reception yard, year one and two yard and year three through to six have a separate yard. Each yard has been designed to specifically meet the needs of the children using i. e. smaller climbing frames for the younger children and larger ones for the old. The school building and grounds are all on one level and would be suitable for wheelchair users to access easily.Specific Risk to Individuals Some activities or situations can present specific risks to individuals. It is important to have good knowledge and understanding of each child or young person we work with so that we can recognise the risks if and when they occur and reduce the risk to an acceptable level or offer a suitable alternative. * If a young person is pregnant some activities otherwise deemed safe for her will become more of a risk to her because she is pregnant i. e. Trampolining, therefore a more suitable form of exercise safe for her and the baby could be offered. If a child suffers with a visual impairment the risk associated with certain activities may be higher – learning to use sharp tools for example. Advice can be sought from a professional who may recommend the use of specially designed tools or offer advice on suitable methods of teaching. * A child or young person with asthma or allergies will be unable to work with dust, pollen or certain food so it will be important to remember this child when planning certain activities i. e. bringing flowers in from outside or giving the children food treat.The needs of Carers Where relevant the needs of carers and parents are also a factor to consider when planning healthy and safe environments or services. For instance, a carer that uses a wheelchair will need sufficient space to move around safely and this should be thought of when planning the layout of furniture and facilities. The function and purpose of environments and services When planning a sa fe and healthy environment practitioners should take into account the function and purpose of the environment and services.Activities and experiences offered in one setting may be less suited and ill-advised in another. For example, many sports centres offer holiday clubs for children and young people, the environment is specifically designed for sporting activities and the staff will be trained and know how to properly use certain equipment, therefore offering the same activities in an out of school club that meets in a school classroom would be inappropriate and unsafe. Desired outcomes for children and young peopleThe desired outcomes for children and young people are among the factors that influence what is appropriate, safe and healthy for them to do within the setting. When planning an activity the potential benefits to the children and young people need to be considered against the likelihood of harm occurring. Duty of Care When a parent or carer leaves their child in the car e of a service they are in effect agreeing for the staff to care for their child whilst they are there. This means that staff has a duty of care to the child or young person in their care in line with provisions set out in the Children Act 1989.The act requires those caring for the child or young person to promote the safety and welfare of each individual in their care. The level of this duty of care must be that of a ‘reasonable parent’. If you do not act as a ‘reasonable parent’ would do to keep the child or young person safe you are failing to meet your duty of care and can be seen as being negligent. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 also states that the setting has a responsibility to safeguard the safety and well-being of children and young people in its care.Lines of responsibility and accountability It is very important for practitioners in all settings and services to be crystal clear about their own responsibilities relating to health and saf ety, or standards will slip and important welfare requirements may not be met. It is very important that practitioners monitor and maintain health and safety on an on-going basis and this will vary from setting to setting. At St Cuthbert’s Primary School Health and Safety is monitored primarily by the head teacher who is in charge of the overseeing of new policies and rocedures along with the school governors. All other staff members are responsible for their own safety and the safety of all of the children in their care whether it be their own class or the whole student population during break times. It is the role of the caretaker to monitor the health and safety of the school buildings and grounds and these are overseen on a twice a week basis. If the caretaker should happen upon a health and safety concern this will be immediately brought to the attention of the head teacher who will then decide on the best possible resolution.It is also up to the caretaker to be in the y ard first thing in a morning to ensure that all entry/exit ways to the school are securely locked making sure any unauthorised visitors cannot enter the school and ensuring the safety of the children. It is primarily the duty of the receptionist to check identification of visitors and providing them with a visitors badge and access to the school. When providing environments and services for children and young people it is important to comply with the laws and regulations set out by the government. The laws and guidelines set out by the government in England are: Health and Safety at work Act 1974 and 1992 This act is relevant for all places of employment not just those working alongside children and young people. Employers have a duty of care to ensure that the workplace and equipment within it are in a safe and useable condition and do not pose as a risk to the health and safety of anyone using it. Anyone working or volunteering in the setting have a responsibility to take care of themselves and others in cooperation with the employer. The Act also states that all employers must use the basic principles of risk management: 1. Risk assessment . Balanced control measures 3. Training The caretaker at the school I work in is responsible for checking the school buildings and grounds on a regular basis to ensure that all equipment being used is safe and does not pose a risk to any student or staff. Computers and other electrical equipment are checked on a regular basis by an outside company to make sure that there are no problems. It is the class teachers’ responsibility to ensure that their classroom and the equipment in it are safe for the children to use and this is taken into account when planning and risk assessing lessons.All staff is required to take part in training meetings in which they have the opportunities to learn how to use any new equipment or in some cases how to deal with challenging behaviour of specific children, courses such as safeguard ing, first aid and handling are compulsory. * Health and Safety (first Aid) Regulations 1981 Most settings working with children and young people with have specific individuals who are qualified to deal with first aid; there must be at least one person within the setting designated to first aid if an accident occurs. It is stated that by law all employers must keep a well-stocked first aid box.At St Cuthbert’s all staff members are first aid trained although there are only five members of staff as designated first aiders; it is their responsibility to ensure that the first aid boxes are fully stocked and in good working order. * Food Safety Act 1990, and Food Handling Regulations 1995 This act refers to how food may be stored and prepared and how cooking environments should be maintained and how staff who prepare the food must be trained. Any member of staff within the school handling food has a basic food safety and handling certificate including the kitchen staff. * Fire Pr ecautions (workplace) Regulations 1997These regulations apply to all workplaces not just those who work alongside children and young people. Under these regulations settings must carry out a fire risk assessment addressing seven key areas: 1. Fire ignition sources and risk from the spread of fire 2. Escape routes and Exits 3. Fire Detection and early warning of fire 4. Fire fighting equipment 5. Fire routine training for staff 6. Emergency plans and arrangements for calling the fire service 7. General maintenance and testing of fire protection equipment All staff members at St Cuthbert’s are trained in emergency procedure and what to do in the event of a fire.All fire safety equipment is checked once a month by an outside agency to ensure that alarms, extinguishers and other equipment are in good working order. * Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR) Under RIDDOR, workplaces must ensure they have an accident book. All accidents wh ich occur in the workplace or setting must be recorded in the book. Some types of accidents that occur at work – serious ones or those that result in someone being absent from work for more than three days must be reported to the Health and Safety Executive.Some Diseases that may be contracted by employees must also be reported i. e. HIV, Aids, Hepatitis and such like. At my school the accident and incident book is kept in the school office and all members of staff have access to this book, it is their responsibility to ensure that any accidents are recorded in this book however minor. If any concerns arise in relation to diseases and other contagious diseases then these are reported immediately to the head teacher who then takes appropriate action. * Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992Under these regulations employers must provide equipment to employees needed to carry out their jobs safely. For example, someone working with young children will need an apr on and rubber gloves supplied to them for when they are changing nappies or dealing with other body fluids and waste. * Protection of Children Act This law involves the protection and safeguarding of children. (See unit CYP core 3. 3 for more details) * Children’s Act 1989 This Act covers the equality of access and opportunity for children and young people in addition to health and safety. * Health and Safety (young persons) Regulations 1997These regulations require employers to carryout special risk assessments for employees or volunteers under the age of 18, as they may be less aware of the Health and Safety issues then more experienced workers. * Children Bill 2004 Prior to this bill being passed there were concerns that children’s services were not working together effectively to protect vulnerable children from forms of abuse. This bill was passed to ensure the improvement of child protection for children and young people and to ensure that all agencies involved h ave better communication with each other regarding such issues.At St Cuthbert’s meetings are held on a regular basis for the complete staffing team to talk about any issues or concerns they may have regarding specific children. Any immediate concerns are reported to the head teacher and they and the class teacher discuss which action to take. Safeguarding issues are immediately reported to the member of staff in charge of reporting incidents of abuse who will then take appropriate action such as ringing social services or other outside agencies. Any parents with concerns over a child are directed to this staff member who can then take the action needed to investigate further. Every Child Matters This is a government agenda which sets out five major outcomes for all children: 1. Be safe 2. Being healthy 3. Enjoying and achieving 4. Making a positive contribution 5. Economic well being The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) aims to meet every one of the outcomes listed above. * The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) Welfare Requirements All settings to which the EYFS applies must meet all of the EYFS welfare requirements: Safeguarding and promoting children’s welfare. | The provider must take suitable steps to safeguard and promote the welfare of children.The provider must promote the good health of the children, take necessary steps to prevent the spread of infections and take appropriate action when a child is ill. Children’s behaviour must be managed effectively and in a manner appropriate for their stage of development and individual needs. | Suitable People| Providers must ensure that people working with children or having unsupervised access to them are suitable to do so. Adults looking after children must have appropriate qualifications, training, skills and knowledge.Staffing arrangements must be organised to ensure safety and to meet the needs of the children within the setting. i. e. ensuring that the staff to child ration is cor rect. | Suitable Premises, environment and equipment| Outdoor and indoor spaces, furniture, equipment and toys must be age appropriate and safe and suitable for their purpose. | Organisation| Providers must plan and organise their activates and setting to ensure that all children are provided with enjoyable and challenging learning and development experience which is suited to meet their individual needs and abilities. Documentation| Providers must maintain records, policies and procedures required for the safe and efficient management of the settings and to meet the needs of the children. | Within a school environment there are policies and procedures in place which support staff in the management of situations that involve the safety and wellbeing of all staff and children. Some of these are: * The Health and Safety policy * The Bullying Policy * The Safety Policy * The Child Protection Policy * The behaviour policy * The O Tolerance procedure The Confidentiality Policy * The Equa l opportunities Policy * Regulations and Requirements tell settings what they must do and what standards they must meet to ensure the health and safety of the staff and children within the setting but they do not tell the practitioners how this should be done. It is up to the settings to interpret the laws set out by the government and devises their own policies and procedures that explain how they will work within the law to promote the Health and Safety of everyone in the setting.At St Cuthbert’s it is the overall responsibility of the head teacher to ensure that the health and safety procedures in the school are implemented effectively by all members of staff. New policies and procedures are discussed by the governors and before any new policy is written up the staff have a chance to add or remove anything they feel it needs or does not need; the final draft has to be approved by the Head Teacher before being implemented.It is the job of the caretaker to parole the school grounds and building twice a week to ensure that there are no health and safety hazards which could potentially harm the children and staff. If a member of staff comes across a hazard then it will be reported to the head teacher who then ensures the caretaker can solve/fix the problem or that the required services needed are contacted and the risk to students minimised. Sometimes children and young people may want to take risks that are inappropriate for safety reasons or inappropriate for a child or young person because of their age, needs or abilities.As a practitioner it is important to remember that all children will want to take risks and we should not try to avoid risk altogether but allow children and young people to experience risk which will not harm them and which is suitable for their age needs and abilities. For example, a child of five may want to try and climb to the very top of a climbing frame, while this is risk taking and the child may be capable of doing this we m ust tell them of the risk involved and ensure that they stay safe whilst trying.In the case of a younger child or a child with a physical impairment it would be inappropriate and dangerous to allow this child to try the same thing. There is a difference in allowing children and young people to take appropriate risks that are worthwhile in terms of their development when compared to the likelihood of injury, and allowing children and young people to do things that are likely to harm them seriously without a justifiable developmental gain or experience.It is important as a practitioner to decide which risks are acceptable and unacceptable and to be able to minimise risk and harm to the children in their care. Before any activity takes place it is important to carry out a risk assessment and understand the settings policies and procedures for risk assessment and be able to follow them closely. There is a dilemma between the rights and choices that belong to children and young people in terms of the freedom to play and the health and safety requirements of a setting.It is important to remember that children and young people have a right to choice and the freedom of play and its benefits to their learning and development and that children and young people should be allowed to experience and take appropriate risks during their play and learning, within the boundaries of the health and safety legislations. There are four types of hazard/risk that should be taken into account in terms of play and development. These are: * Physical Upturned carpets, stacks of chairs, scissors etc. * EnvironmentalIcy pathways/yard, water on a staircase, objects obstructing exits etc. * Emotional Emotional risk taking is a life skill. Children and young people take emotional risks when they pluck up the courage to do something that stretches them emotionally or that risks personal failure or rejection. E. g. speaking in front of a group of peers or adults, auditioning for a part in a pro duction, not giving in to peer pressure, taking a physical risk in front of others. Activities that may feel like a risk to one child may come easily to another.We must remember that each child is an individual and will be comfortable doing things that some children may not be comfortable doing. Every so often a child needs to come out of their ‘comfort zone’ and be encouraged to try new things for the first time. Those with good levels of self-esteem and confidence will find trying new things easier than those with low self-esteem and confidence. It is important to help children and young people feel equipped for emotional risk taking by providing opportunities for them to take part in activities which foster high levels of confidence and self-esteem. Behavioural Behavioural Hazards occur when children and young people behave in ways in which they could cause harm to themselves and others. A teacher may set up an activity in which blunt objects may be used for sculptin g with clay, a behavioural hazard becomes apparent if a child then begins to use the tools provided in an inappropriate manner which could cause harm to themselves or others i. e. throwing the tools around, deliberately using them in a harmful way. The risk is therefore significantly raised to an unacceptable level and the practitioner must step in and take appropriate action immediately.A child’s behaviour to another child may be classed as a behavioural hazard also, if a child is bullying or physically harming another child then this is also a hazard than needs to be dealt with immediately. At St Cuthbert’s children are involved in thinking about safety and are encouraged to tell an adult if they see something unsafe. One of the most effective ways of ensuring that the children think about safety is to explain to them why we think an activity, a situation or someone behaviour is potentially dangerous.A more recent example of supporting children to manage and assess r isk was when we had our safety topic week in school. This week was dedicated to having various health and safety professionals come into school to talk to the children and get them to think about their own safety in and outside of school. Some of the visitors included the fire service, police officers and a lollypop person. As well as giving talks to the children there were various activities throughout the week that allowed the children to think about and manage their own safety.Other examples of this more recently was a cooking lesson given to small groups of children, not only were the children able to help in the cooking session they were asked to talk about things in the kitchen that could cause harm to them and how they should behave whilst using equipment and being in the kitchen. This activity allowed the children to understand that good behaviour and carefulness was needed to minimise the risk of harm to themselves and others.The policies and procedures at St Cuthbertâ€⠄¢s in response to accidents, incidents, emergencies and illness are hugely important as they can mean the difference between life and death should a serious situation occur. It may be necessary to evacuate the setting in the event of: * Flood * Gas leak * Fire * Identification of a dangerous substance To ensure the safe evacuation of the setting in an emergency: * All staff must know how to raise the alarm, where the exits are and where the assembly point is. * All staff is aware of their roles in an emergency such as taking the register, dialling 999 and checking rooms are empty. There must be regular opportunities to practice the evacuation procedure. These should be taken seriously and any difficulties should be resolved. The sound of the alarm may upset some children so it is important to be sensitive and help them to settle after the drill. * Evacuation drill notices must be kept in view at all times and give details of where the fire extinguishing equipment is kept. * Fire al arms, smoke detectors and emergency lighting should be regularly checked and maintained and staff should know where they are and be trained in their use.Details of all checks should be kept written in the log. * Emergency exits should not be obstructed At St Cuthbert’s the emergency drill is practiced with great care once a month. It is up to the class teacher to ensure that their class evacuates the building in a safe and calm manner and assembles at the meeting point. In the event of a real fire it is up to the receptionist to call the emergency services then make their own way to the meeting point where they will distribute the registers to the class teachers so that they are able to ensure that all children are accounted for.All registered settings must have written procedures regarding what practitioners must do if it was discovered a child was missing. It is important for all staff members to know these procedures and act quickly. At St Cuthbert’s an immediate se arch of the setting including outdoor areas is undertaken as well as finding out when the child was last seen and where. If the child cannot be found then the search would be widened to the local area around the school whilst the head teacher raises the alarm with the police and the missing child’s parents or carers.Sufficient staff remains on the premises to ensure that the other children are still taken care of and surplus staff such as the caretaker and teaching assistants may join the search until the police arrive and the search is controlled by them. The incident should be logged in the incident book by the initial member of staff whilst all details are still fresh in their head and later Ofsted will be contacted and the incident logged with them as an immediate review of the setting will be required.All children at some point in their lives experience illness and it is important that all staff recognise the signs and symptoms of illness in a child or young person to be able to take appropriate action in line with the settings policies and procedures. It is a legal requirement of all settings to have written guidelines for the management of illness within the setting. It is not the job of the practitioners to diagnose the illness this should be left up to a health professional, it is also not the role of the practitioner to care for a sick child and those who are ill should not attend the setting until they are well.There will be times when a child’s symptoms develop whilst they are at school, at St Cuthbert’s the procedure should this occur is as follows: * A member of staff will recognise promptly when the child or young person is ill using their knowledge of childhood illnesses to determine the seriousness of the illness. * The member of staff will respond to the symptoms in line with the schools policies, such as cooling a child down if they are suffering a temperature or administering a child’s asthma inhaler. * The membe r of staff will monitor the condition to ensure the condition does not become worse and a record kept. . e. when the child was last sick, their temperature or what time their inhaler was given. * The staff member will arrange for the child to be collected as soon as possible in the case of minor illness. In the case of accident or major illness then an ambulance will be called before the child’s parents or carers are contacted. When contacting a relative the child’s file will be looked at to determine the first point of contact in the event of an illness. It is important to be in control when ringing the parent or carer and ensure that they are not unnecessarily worried.In the event that an ambulance has to be called before the parents it is important that all details of the child’s symptoms are given correctly so that the emergency services know what they are dealing with and if needed advice can be given to keep the child comfortable until the ambulance arrive s. A practitioner will then accompany the child to the hospital until their parents arrive. * A record of the child’s symptoms and the procedures carried out will be logged in the incident book. All settings have a legal requirement to ensure that logs and records of incidents are kept up to date.When a child becomes ill at St Cuthbert’s or an accident or illness occurs the time and date is logged and any symptoms and signs of illness are written down. A practitioner’s response to a child’s illness is logged, making note of details like medication or first aid given and by whom. There are 4 designated first aiders within the school and it is their job to ensure that all first aid kits around the school are fully stocked and in good working order. It may be necessary for the first aider to be called in the event of an accident or incident and it will be their role to keep the incident book updated.